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Table 2 – Study characteristics
First author
Origin of study
Study design
Reference standard
Blinding
Reader characteristics
Publication
year
Duration
of patient
recruitment
Institution
Prospective Multicenter Consecutive
enrollment
Methods
Details of BVC
MRI–reference
standard
interval
No.
Consensus
Experience
(yr)
Conde-Moreno
[
[6_TD$DIFF] 15]2016
10.2014–3.2015 Consorcio
Hospitalario
Provincial de
Castello´n
Yes
No
Yes
BVC
All imaging studies (BS, CT, WB-
DW-MRI, choline-PET/CT) by a
multidisciplinary team
NR
Yes
NR NR
NR
Kitajima
[
[7_TD$DIFF] 16]2014
6.2009–4.2012 Mayo Clinic
No
No
Yes
BVC or
histopathology
Dedicated CT, MRI, or PET–CT
and follow-up after 6 mo
NR
Yes
2 Independent 22/2
Lecouvet
[4]
2007
NR
a [12_TD$DIFF]Cliniques
universitaires
Saint Luc
Yes
No
Yes
BVC or
histopathology
CT correlation for equivocal MRI
findings or imaging (BS, MRI),
clinical, and biological follow-
up at 6 mo by specialists for
each modality
NR
Yes
2 Consensus
Senior MSK
radiologist/
senior resident
Lecouvet
[5]
2012
3.2007–3.2010 Cliniques
universitaires
Saint Luc
Yes
No
Yes
BVC
All available imaging tests (BS/
TXR, WB-MRI) and clinical/
biological follow-up after 6 mo
by specialists for each modality
NR
Yes
2 Independent Senior MSK
radiologist/
fellow
Mosavi
[ [8_TD$DIFF] 17]2012
10.2009–3.2011 Uppsala
University
Hospital
Yes
No
Yes
BVC
BS, MRI (T1WI, STIR), and
follow-up using 18F-NaF PET/CT
and DWI
7 mo
Yes
2 Consensus
20
Pasoglou
[
[9_TD$DIFF] 18]2015
2.2012–12.2012 Cliniques
universitaires
Saint Luc,
Centre
Hospitalier
Universitaire
Vaudois
Yes
Yes
Yes
BVC
Consensus session of all
available MRI by radiologists,
prospective clinical and
biological follow-up by uro-
oncologist, and imaging follow-
up at 6 mo
NR
Yes
NR NR
NR
Piccardo
[9]
2014
NR
E.O. Galliera
Hospital, Azienda
Sanitaria dell’Alto
Adige
Yes
Yes
NR
BVC
Contrast-enhanced CT and
multiparametric MRI at 12 mo
follow-up, and response to
treatment, lab tests, other
imaging studies (x-ray, BS)
12–18 mo
NR
NR NR
NR
Vargas
[
[10_TD$DIFF] 19]2016
1.2000–6.2014 Memorial Sloan
Kettering
Cancer Center
No
No
No
BVC or
histopathology
At least 1 yr or imaging/clinical
follow-up
>
1 yr
Yes
2 Independent 5/7
Venkitaraman
[
[11_TD$DIFF] 20]2009
1.2001–10.2005 Royal Marsden
Hospital
No
No
Yes
BVC
MRI, BS, or other imaging (TXR,
CT) and follow-up studies (BS or
MRI) assessing treatment
response
NR
Yes
1
NR
Woo
[6]
2016
1.2013–12.2013 Seoul National
University Hospital
No
No
Yes
BVC or
histopathology
Comprehensive review of initial
and follow-up BS, MRI, CT, TXR,
and PET, and clinical/laboratory
follow-up at a multidisciplinary
urological–oncological
conference
NR
Yes
2 Independent 20/34
BS = bone scintigraphy; BVC = best value comparator; CT = computed tomography; DW = diffusion weighted; DWI = diffusion-weighted imaging; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; MSK = musculoskeletal; NR = not
reported; PET = positron emission tomography; STIR = short tau inversion recovery; TXR = targeted x-ray; T1WI = T1-weighted imaging; WB = whole body.
a
Duration of patient recruitment not reported, but overlap with Lecouvet et al
[5] (3.2007–3.2010) not possible.
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 3 ( 2 0 1 8 ) 8 1 – 9 1
86