99 148
to 57 yr. The primary treatment was radical nephrectomy.
Mean follow-up after nephrectomy was 3.6 yr (ranging from
1.2 yr to 10.0 yr). The mean waiting period before
transplantation ranged from 0 yr to 10 yr. The recurrence
rates for transplanted versus dialysed patients at
<
1 yr,
1
–
5 yr, and
>
5 yr were 0
–
8% versus 0%, 0
–
27% versus 0
–
9%
and 0
–
41% versus 0
–
48%, respectively. The 5-yr cancer-
specific survival rates for transplantation versus dialysed
patients were 79
–
100% versus 77
–
100%, respectively. Overall
5-yr survival rates for transplantation versus dialysed
patients were 80
–
100% versus 76
–
100%, respectively.
3.3.2.
Prostate cancer
Eight included studies evaluated patients suffering from PC
( Table 6). Mean age at diagnosis ranged from 57 yr to 69 yr.
Treatments were prostatectomy alone (61%), prostatec-
tomy + adjuvant radiotherapy (13%), external beam radio-
therapy (10%), brachytherapy (1%), and androgen
deprivation therapy (7%). The type of treatment was not
specified in 8%. Average follow-up after treatment ranged
from 0.5 yr to 4 yr. The mean interval between cancer
treatment and transplantation ranged from 3 mo to 4 yr.
Recurrence rates for transplantationpatients at
<
1 yr and
>
5
yr were 0
–
9% and 4
–
20%, respectively. The 1
–
5-yr cancer-
specific survival rates for transplantation patients ranged
from 96% to 100%. Overall, 1
–
5-yr survival rates for
transplantation patients ranged from 62% to 100%. No study
reported results with a median follow-up beyond 5 yr.
3.3.3.
Urothelial carcinoma: bladder cancer and upper urinary tract
urothelial carcinoma
Nine studies evaluated patients suffering from urothelial
carcinoma
( Table 7 ). Mean age on diagnosis ranged from
37 yr to 66 yr. The treatments performed for UUTUC ranged
from unilateral or bilateral nephroureterectomy to com-
plete exenteration of the urinary tract. Bladder tumours
were treated with endoscopic resection or cystectomy.
Mean follow-up after treatment was 1.6 yr to 9 yr. The
interval between cancer treatment and transplantation was
specified in one case report: 6 yr.
Table 4
–
Characteristics of the included studies: testis cancer
Study
(1st author, yr)
Study
type
Recruitment
period
Mean
age (yr)
Mean
follow-up from
cancer
treatment,
yr (range or SD)
No. of patients
Duration of
dialysis before
cancer treatment,
yr (mean,
range, or SD)
Transplantation Dialysis
Penn, 199
7 a [ 4]Retrospective
cohort study
<
1997
NS
>
5
43
0
NS
Dean, 2005
[8]Case report
2005
53
4.3
1
0
NS
Juric, 2017
[47]Case report
1995
24
21.5
1
0
4
NS = not stated; SD = standard deviation.
a
Update of Penn, 1995.
Table 3
–
Characteristics of the included studies: urothelial carcinoma
Study
(1st author, yr)
Study
type
Recruitment
period
Mean
age (yr)
Mean
follow-up from
cancer
treatment,
yr (range or SD)
No. of patients
Duration of
dialysis before
cancer treatment,
yr (mean,
range, or SD)
Transplantation Dialysis
Chapman, 2001
[46]Retrospective
cohort study
1963
–
1999
NS
NS
24
93
NS
Penn, 199
7 a [ 4]Retrospective
cohort study
<
1997
NS
>
5
55
0
NS
Hung, 2009
[43]Retrospective
cohort study
1994
–
2006
67.6
12.6
46
0
NS
Chang, 2007
[42]Retrospective
cohort study
1993
–
2002
57.5
1.6
12
0
3.87 (0.25
–
9)
Kang, 201
0 b [ 21]Retrospective
cohort study
1992
–
2001
61
5 (2.6
–
10.2)
0
77
1.6 (0.08
–
14)
Li, 2016
[44]Retrospective
cohort study
2008
–
2010
66.4
5.25 (4
–
7)
0
72
NS
Wu, 200
6 c [ 20]Retrospective
cohort study
1996
–
2002
60
2.5
0
55
2.25 (0.5
–
11)
Ou, 2000
[45]Retrospective
cohort study
1987
–
1997
61.1
NS
0
17
3.2 (0.2
–
12)
NS = not stated; SD = standard deviation.
a
Update of Penn, 1995.
b
Update of Kang, 2004.
c
Update of Wu, 2004.
E U R O P E A N U R O L O GY 7 3 ( 2 0 18 ) 9 4
–
10 8
99